Ndị na-ahụ maka ọgwụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ na ụlọ ọrụ na-atụle ihe ga-eme isi akụkọ n'afọ ọzọ

Ndị ọkachamara 6 buru amụma nnukwu usoro kemistry maka 2023

Ndị na-ahụ maka ọgwụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ na ụlọ ọrụ na-atụle ihe ga-eme isi akụkọ n'afọ ọzọ

Ebe E Si Nweta: Will Ludwig/C&EN/Shutterstock

MAHER EL-KADY, CHIEF TECHNOLOGY OFFICER, NANOTECH ENERGY, NA ELECTROCHEMIST, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES

Ebe E Si Nweta: Site n'ikike nke Maher El-Kady

"Iji wepụ ịdabere na mmanụ ọkụ ma belata ikuku carbon anyị, naanị ezigbo ụzọ ọzọ bụ ịgbanye ihe niile site n'ụlọ ruo n'ụgbọala.N'ime afọ ole na ole gara aga, anyị enwetala nnukwu ọganiihu na mmepe na imepụta batrị dị ike karịa nke a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-agbanwe nke ukwuu ụzọ anyị si aga ọrụ na ileta ndị enyi na ezinụlọ.Iji hụ na mgbanwe zuru oke na ike ọkụ eletrik, a ka na-achọkwa nkwalite ndị ọzọ na njupụta ike, oge nchaji, nchekwa, imegharị ihe, na ọnụ ahịa kwa elekere kilowatt.Mmadụ nwere ike ịtụ anya nyocha batrị ga-eto n'ihu na 2023 yana ọnụ ọgụgụ na-arịwanye elu nke chemists na ihe ndị sayensị na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ iji nyere aka tinyekwuo ụgbọ ala eletrik n'okporo ụzọ. "

KLAUS LACKNER, NDỊ DỊRỊTA, CENTER FOR ENGative Carbon EMISSIONS, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY

Ebe E Si Nweta: Mahadum steeti Arizona

"Dịka COP27, [ogbako gburugburu ebe obibi nke mba ụwa mere na Nọvemba na Egypt], ebumnuche ihu igwe 1.5 Celsius bụ ihe siri ike, na-ekwusi ike na ọ dị mkpa iwepụ carbon.Ya mere, 2023 ga-ahụ ọganihu na teknụzụ ijide ikuku ozugbo.Ha na-enye ụzọ nwere ike ime ka ikuku na-adịghị mma, mana ha dị oke ọnụ maka njikwa mkpofu carbon.Otú ọ dị, ijide ikuku ozugbo nwere ike ịmalite obere ma too na ọnụ ọgụgụ karịa nha.Dị nnọọ ka akụkụ anyanwụ, ngwaọrụ ndị na-ebupụta ikuku nwere ike imepụta ọtụtụ ihe.Mmepụta oke egosila mbelata ọnụ ahịa site n'iwu nke ịdị ukwuu.2023 nwere ike na-enye nkọwapụta nke teknụzụ ndị egosipụtara nwere ike iji uru mbelata ọnụ ahịa dị na nrụpụta ọtụtụ. ”

RALPH MARQUARDT, CHIEF INNOVATION OFFICER, EVONIK INDUSTRIES

Ebe E Si Nweta: Evonik Industries

“Ịkwụsị mgbanwe ihu igwe bụ nnukwu ọrụ.Ọ nwere ike ịga nke ọma ma ọ bụrụ na anyị ejiri akụrụngwa pere mpe.Ezi okirikiri akụ na ụba dị mkpa maka nke a.Ihe ndị ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ na-enye na nke a gụnyere ihe ọhụrụ, usoro ọhụrụ, na ihe mgbakwunye na-enyere aka imeghe ụzọ maka ịmegharị ngwaahịa ndị ejirila.Ha na-eme ka nrụgharị igwe na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma ma na-eme ka nrụpụta kemịkalụ bara uru ọbụna karịa pyrolysis bụ isi.Ịtụgharị ihe mkpofu ka ọ bụrụ ihe bara uru chọrọ ọkachamara sitere na ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ.N'ime ezigbo okirikiri, a na-emegharị ihe mkpofu wee bụrụ akụrụngwa bara uru maka ngwaahịa ọhụrụ.Otú ọ dị, anyị ga-adị ngwa ngwa;ihe ọhụrụ anyị chọrọ ugbu a iji mee ka akụ na ụba okirikiri nwee ike n'ọdịnihu."

SARAH E. O'CONNOR, onye nduzi, ngalaba nke ngwaahịa okike BIOSYNTHESIS, MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR CHEMICAL ECOLOGY

Ebe E Si Nweta: Sebastian Reuter

A na-eji usoro '-Omics' chọpụta mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na enzymes nke nje bacteria, fungi, osisi, na ihe ndị ọzọ dị ndụ na-eji emepụta ngwaahịa ndị dị mgbagwoju anya.Enwere ike iji mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na enzymes ndị a, na-ejikọta ya na usoro kemịkalụ, iji mepụta nyiwe mmepụta biocatalytic na gburugburu ebe obibi maka ọtụtụ ụmụ irighiri ihe.Anyị nwere ike ime '-omics' n'otu cell.M na-ebu amụma na anyị ga-ahụ ka transcriptomics otu cell na genomics si na-agbanwe ọsọ nke anyị na-achọta mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na enzymes ndị a.Ọzọkwa, metabolomics nke otu cell ga-ekwe omume ugbu a, na-enye anyị ohere ịlele mkpokọta kemịkalụ n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ nke ọ bụla, na-enye anyị nkọwa ziri ezi karịa ka cell si arụ ọrụ dị ka ụlọ ọrụ kemịkal.”

RICHMOND SARPONG, ORGANIC CHEMIST, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY.

Ebe E Si Nweta: Niki Stefanelli

"Nghọta ka mma nke mgbagwoju anya nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, dịka ọmụmaatụ ka esi amata n'etiti mgbagwoju anya nhazi na ịdị mfe nke njikọ, ga-aga n'ihu na-apụta na ọganihu na mmụta igwe, nke ga-edugakwa n'ịgbalite ngwa ngwa na njikarịcha mmeghachi omume na amụma.Ọganihu ndị a ga-enye ụzọ ọhụrụ iji chee echiche gbasara imepụta oghere kemịkal dị iche iche.Otu ụzọ isi mee nke a bụ site n'ime mgbanwe na mpụta nke molecule na nke ọzọ bụ ime mgbanwe na isi nke mkpụrụ ndụ site na idezi ọkpụkpụ nke ụmụ irighiri ihe.N'ihi na cores nke organic molecules nwere njikọ siri ike dị ka carbon-carbon, carbon-nitrogen, na carbon-oxygen bond, ekwenyere m na anyị ga-ahụ mmụba n'ọtụtụ ụzọ iji rụọ ọrụ ụdị nkekọ ndị a, karịsịa na usoro ndị na-adịghị edozi.Ọganihu na photoredox catalysis nwekwara ike itinye aka na ntụzịaka ọhụrụ na nhazi skeletal.

ALISON WENDLANDT, ORGANIC CHEMIST, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY.

Ebe E Si Nweta: Justin Knight

"N'afọ 2023, ndị na-ahụ maka kemịkalụ organic ga-aga n'ihu na-akwalite oke nhọrọ.Ana m atụ anya ito eto ọzọ nke ụzọ ndezi na-enye nkenke ọkwa atọm yana ngwa ọhụrụ maka ịkwa akwa macromolecules.M na-aga n'ihu na-enweta mmụọ site na ntinye nke teknụzụ dị n'akụkụ otu ngwa n'ime ngwa kemịkalụ organic: biocatalytic, electrochemical, photochemical, na ọkaibe ngwaọrụ sayensị data na-abawanye ụgwọ ego.Atụrụ m anya na usoro iji ngwaọrụ ndị a ga-etowanye, na-ewetara anyị kemistri nke anyị echetụbeghị n'echiche na ọ ga-ekwe omume. "

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